Types of Turkish companies

Depending on the object of activity and size of the Turkish company, there are a lot of incentives which encourage investment. In Turkey entrepreneurs prefer to establish limited liability companies, or joint stock companies.

Create a Limited Liability Company in Turkey - Ltd. ?ti. (Limitet ?irket)
The Turkish limited liability company is the most used type of business in Turkey, mostly for small to medium sized businesses, because of a relatively easy registration process, low corporate taxes and a lot more advantages. A limited liability company is founded by at least 2 members, natural persons, or legal entities and they are held liable for the company's losses and debts only to the extent of their contribution. The minimum required capital that has to be provided is 5.000 YTL (New Turkish Lira). Limited companies cannot issue stock certificates.

Create a Joint Stock Company in Turkey - A.?. (Anonim ?irket)
The Turkish joint stock company is designed for business at a larger scale and it is not as common as limited liability companies. Nevertheless a lot of limited companies evolve into joint stock companies, or become shareholders of one. A joint stock company can be established by at least 5 persons or legal entities and the minimum required capital is 50.000 YTL. The shareholders liability is limited with the share capital. A joint stock company can issue stock certificates, unlike limited companies.

Create a Partnership in Turkey - Kom. ?ti (Komandit ?irket)
An ordinary partnership is set by at least two members entering into an agreement. All partners have the same rights and obligations and are jointly and severally liable for debts and obligations of the partnership. A partnership does not require a minimum capital and it doesn't have legal entity.

Create a General Commercial Partnership in Turkey
Any commercial partnership, general or limited is a legal entity with an independent legal personality. A general commercial partnership can be set by at least two members who are general partners, and who share unlimited liability for the obligations and debts of their partnership. Also they have the right to take management decisions and to direct the profit as they think best.

Create a Limited Commercial Partnership in Turkey
The limited commercial partnership in Turkey also has legal entity and can be founded by at least two members. The difference between the two partnerships is that members of a limited partnership are differentiated by their level of liability. At least one member is a limited partner which means he or she is liable to the partnerships' debts and obligations to the extent of his or her contribution and at least one partner is general and has unlimited liability.

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